The civil war in Sudan has been significantly influenced by foreign powers, notably Russia and Iran, who are supplying arms and resources to the Sudanese military. This support has helped the military gain ground against the paramilitary group, the Rapid Support Forces. The strategic location of Sudan, particularly Port Sudan on the Red Sea, is a key factor in this international involvement. Russia and Iran are using this port to import weaponry and fuel, while Sudan exports gold to finance these imports. The geopolitical interests of Russia include establishing a military base in Port Sudan, which has been a long-term goal, while Iran values the proximity to its allies in the region. Western countries, including the US and Europe, have imposed sanctions on businesses and individuals involved in the arms trade, but these measures have had limited impact. Russia and Iran continue to find ways to bypass these sanctions, using shadow fleets and expanded airport facilities to maintain their supply lines.