The video discusses how the body's fight or flight response, originally evolved to handle life-threatening situations, is often triggered by modern stressors like deadlines or social embarrassment. This response involves the HPA-axis, which releases stress hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol, preparing the body for quick action. While this response can be beneficial in short bursts, chronic activation due to persistent stressors can lead to health issues like sleeplessness and heart disease. The video emphasizes the importance of managing stress through exercise, social interactions, and mindfulness practices. Exercise can promote neuron production, enhancing stress resilience, while social interactions can buffer stress responses through oxytocin. Mindfulness practices like breathing exercises and journaling help maintain present-moment awareness and emotional understanding, providing tools to better handle stress.